NCIDQ IDFX Practice Exam

What is included in the deficiency needs category of Maslow's hierarchy?

1. Self-actualization

2. Food, water, and minimal body comforts

3. Achievement and recognition

4. Security and safety

The correct answer is: Food, water, and minimal body comforts

The deficiency needs category of Maslow's hierarchy refers to the basic requirements essential for human survival and safety. These needs must be met before individuals can focus on higher-level psychological needs or self-fulfillment. Food, water, and minimal body comforts fall into this category because they represent the fundamental physical needs necessary for survival. When these basic needs are unmet, a person’s motivation and behavior are primarily driven by the urgency to satisfy these deficiencies. In contrast, self-actualization represents the highest tier of the hierarchy, focusing on personal growth and fulfillment, which only becomes a priority once deficiency needs are adequately satisfied. Similarly, achievement and recognition pertain to esteem needs, which come after physiological and safety needs have been fulfilled. Security and safety address the need for protection and stability but are still classified under a different tier than basic physiological needs. Thus, the correct understanding emphasizes that food, water, and minimal body comforts are foundational requirements in Maslow's hierarchy.